ANNUAL REPORT 2024: SURVEY OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA AND PREVALENCE OF HEALTH RISK FACTORS IN NAYAO, CHACHOENGSAO PROVINCE, THAILAND
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55374/jseamed.v9.260Keywords:
cancer screening, demographics, epidemiology, mental health, noncommunicable diseases, osteoporosis, parasitic infections, rural populationAbstract
Background: Rural communities in Thailand continue to face a dual burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), mental health concerns, and preventable infectious diseases. Annual community surveys provide essential evidence for local health planning.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in December 2024 in Na Yao, Tha Kradan Subdistrict, Chachoengsao Province. Standardized electronic questionnaires (REDCap), physical examinations, and laboratory investigations were used to assess demographic characteristics, metabolic risk factors, accidents, cancer screening, osteoporosis, musculoskeletal symptoms, mental health, and parasitic infections. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, and prevalence rate ratios.
Results: Of 730 participants, 594 were adults aged ≥20 years. Hypertension (36.1%), obesity (32.8%), dyslipidemia (16.8%), and diabetes (13.3%) were the most common NCDs, with hypertension more prevalent among those with lower educational attainment (44.1% vs. 27.9%, p < 0.05). Cancer screening uptake was highest for cervical (28.3%) and lung cancer (27.6%), but lower for colorectal (14.2%) and hepatobiliary cancers (13.3%). Osteoporosis risk varied across villages (7.4–13.0% by FRAX®; 6.8–18.7% high risk by OSTA). Musculoskeletal pain was common, with chronic knee pain affecting over half of adults in some clusters. Stress affected nearly one-third of participants and was significantly associated with female sex, smoking, lower educational attainment, and limited mental health care access. Parasitic infections were rare, but hookworm was associated with a lack of footwear, and Taenia spp. with the consumption of raw vegetables.
Conclusion: This Annual Report 2024 highlights substantial burdens of NCDs, stress, musculoskeletal disorders, and preventable injuries, alongside persistent gaps in cancer screening and parasitic infection risks. Targeted, community-based interventions are urgently needed to address both chronic and communicable health challenges in rural Thailand.
Downloads
Metrics
References
World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
Aekplakorn W, Chariyalertsak S, Kessomboon P, Sangthong R, Inthawong R, Putwatana P, et al. Prevalence and management of diabetes and metabolic risk factors in Thai adults: the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV, 2009. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1980–1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-0099
Kanis JA, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY. European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30: 3–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-018-4704-5
Wee HL, Canfell K, Chiu HM, Choi KS, Cox B, Bhoo-Pathy N, et al. Cancer screening programs in Southeast Asia and Western Pacific. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24: 102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10327-8
Chaisiri K, Jollivet C, Della Rossa P, Sanguankiat S, Wattanakulpanich D, Lajaunie C, et al. Parasitic infections in relation to practices and knowledge in a rural village in Northern Thailand with emphasis on fishborne trematode infection. Epidemiol Infect 2018; 147: e45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268818002996
Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap)—a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009; 42: 377–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010
Harris PA, Taylor R, Minor BL, Elliott V, Fernandez M, O’Neal L, et al. The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners. J Biomed Inform 2019; 95: 03208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103208
FRAX® Fracture Risk Assessment Tool. Sheffield: University of Sheffield; 2025.
Koh LK, Sedrine WB, Torralba TP, Kung A, Fujiwara S, Chan SP, et al. A simple tool to identify Asian women at increased risk of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2001; 12: 699– 705. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980170070
Crawford JO. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Occup Med (Lond). 2007; 57: 300–1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqm036
Mahatnirunkul S. The construction of Suan Prung Stress Test for Thai population. Bull Suan Prung. 1997; 13: 1.
Department of Disease Control, Thailand. Annual epidemiological surveillance report 2023. Bangkok: Ministry of Public Health; 2023.
World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.
Khuhaprema T, Sangrajrang S, Lalitwongsa S, Chokvanitphong V, Raunroadroong T, Ratanachu-Ek T, et al. Organised colorectal cancer screening in Lampang Province, Thailand: preliminary results from a pilot implementation programme. BMJ Open 2014; 4: e003671. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003671
Chua B, Ma V, Asjes C, Lim A, Mohseni M, Wee HL. Barriers to and facilitators of cervical cancer screening among women in Southeast Asia: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18: 4586. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094586
Yoo KY. Cancer prevention in the Asia Pacific region. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2010; 11: 839-44. 17. Charoenngam N, Pongchaiyakul C. Current issues in evaluation and management of osteoporosis in Thailand. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2023; 9: 53–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2023.05.002
Peungsuwan P, Chatchawan U, Puntumetakul R, Yamauchi J. The prevalence and work-related physical factors associated with knee pain in older Thai farmers. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31: 466–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.31.466
Sripa B, Bethony JM, Sithithaworn P, Kaewkes S, Mairiang E, Loukas A, et al. Opisthorchiasis and Opisthorchis-associated cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand and Laos. Acta Trop 2011; 120 (Suppl 1): S158–S168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.07.006
Pairojkul C. Liver fluke and cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand. Pathology 2014; 46 (Suppl 1): S24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PAT.0000454133.12330.87
Seangpraw K, Auttama N, Kumar R, Somrongthong R, Tonchoy P, Panta P. Stress and associated risk factors among the elderly: a cross-sectional study from rural area of Thailand. F1000Res 2020; 8: 655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17903.2
Cohen S, Janicki-Deverts D, Miller GE. Psychological stress and disease. JAMA 2007; 298: 1685–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.14.1685
Hosseinpoor AR, Bergen N, Kunst A, Harper S, Guthold R, Rekve D, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: results from the World Health Survey. BMC Public Health 2012; 12: 912. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-912
Intarates M, Pannarunothai S, Benjakul S, Upakdee N. Horizontal equity of outpatient care utilization in elderly under universal coverage scheme: evidence from two area health managements in Thailand. J Health Res 2025; 39:110-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56808/2586-940X.1127
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Southeast Asian Medical Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Southeast Asian Medical Research will hold the copyright to all published articles. The publisher's production department handles copyright forms once a manuscript is accepted and scheduled for publication.
